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Louisa Elisabeth McLaughlin (1836–1921)〔()〕 was one of the first British women to serve as a nurse for the Red Cross. Louisa, who often spelled her name MacLaughlin and was familiarly called Louise, is pictured wearing medals awarded by both the French and Germans for running ambulances (as field hospitals were then called) during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. She also wears the Gold Cross of the Order of the Takova marking her work in the Serbo-Turkish war, the prelude to the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78). Her partner Emma Maria Pearson (1828–93) was awarded the same medals. ==Background and training== Louisa's family was typical of the upper ten thousand. Her father, the Very Rev. Hubert McLaughlin (1805–1882), and mother, the Honorable Frederica Crofton (1816–1881), each had a pedigree going back to King Edward I of England.〔Documentation regarding all family members mentioned in this article is included in the McLaughlin family tree http://www.harrymclaughlin.com/Descent_From_King_Edward_I_.pdf and http://www.harrymclaughlin.com/Flipbook/Album4Feb2013.html〕 Hubert McLaughlin was Rector of Burford, Shropshire, a Rural Dean, and a Prebendary in Hereford Cathedral. He began his clerical career as domestic chaplain to Edward Crofton, 2nd Baron Crofton (1806–89), Representative Peer for Ireland and Lord-in-Waiting to Queen Victoria. In 1835, Hubert married Frederica, who was Lord Crofton's youngest sister. Louisa, their first child, was born in Nice, where her father had become the minister of the Church of England chapel.〔()〕 At that time Nice was a part of the Italian Kingdom of Sardinia. Louisa was the eldest of three sisters, one of whom, Sophia, served as a nurse with the Universities' Mission to Central Africa for five years, until she took charge of wards at the Civil Hospital in Kandy, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in 1893. Louisa's brothers included a Major General Edward McLaughlin, Judge Frederick McLaughlin, Royal Navy Captain Charles McLaughlin, the agent to the Earl of Feversham (William McLaughlin), and two Church of England clergymen the Rev. Alfred McLaughlin, whose son was Christian thinker Father Patrick McLaughlin, and the Rev. Randolph McLaughlin Berens, who became a wealthy collector of antiquities). Two other brothers died in childhood. Louisa was trained as a nurse by Sister Dora, whose care for industrial workers in Walsall was as great as Florence Nightingale's for military casualties in the Crimea. Louisa was Sister Dora's favourite pupil. Louisa and Emma started working for the The National Health Society as soon as it was established in 1869. The Society, which undertook relief work for the London poor and gave lectures on health education, was founded by Europe's first modern woman doctor, Elizabeth Blackwell, an Englishwoman who had gained a degree in New York. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louisa McLaughlin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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